This report reveals recent discoveries about the beauty, value and vulnerability of life in the deep seas and in the open ocean. It explores what these astonishing findings mean for current oceans governance, what the impacts are of present and potential human activities, and what can be done to promote effective and sustainable management of the riches of the deep and open oceans. The ecosystems and species described herein do not adhere to man-made boundaries; many exist within national jurisdiction as well as in the high seas and seabed Area. It is hoped that this report will provide a common basis of knowledge to stimulate action by states and the global community.