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Story 24 Jun, 2025

IUCN has been instrumental in helping many wetlands

Wetlands are among the most diverse and productive ecosystems, providing essential services and supplying much of our fresh water. However, they face many challenges amid rapid environmental change and urban expansion.

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This July, Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe will host the 15th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP15) to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, named after the Iranian city where the treaty was first signed in 1971. Dr Musonda Mumba is Ramsar's Secretary General. The influential Zambian-born environmentalist has over 25 years of global experience in environmental management and sustainable development, and is founder of the Network of African Women Environmentalists (NAWE).

Dr Mumba spoke to Unite for Nature about the progress Ramsar has made recently and what she hopes to see from COP15.

What were the key outcomes of COP14 and what issues have emerged since? 

One of the key resolutions was related to synergies. How do we partner7 How do we work with different stakeholders more strategically7 Also, for the first time in the history of our convention we had a resolution on youth and wetlands - how to get more youth engagement with our convention.

Many of the resolutions related to our core business, the science. Since then there's been additional investments in, for example, the capacity to conduct wetland inventories,which is fantastic - we can't talk about what we don't know. Thanks to funding from governments in Belgium and Norway, we are now working with the UN to train a lot more countries in how to do this.

One of the things I am extremely proud of is our Women Changemakers in the World of Wetlands campaign, I want to amplify and tell the stories of women from around the world doing great work and ensure it isn't something that just ends with International Women's Day.

Can you tell us about some resolutions that will be discussed at COP15?

We have a resolution from Colombia on the river dolphin. Found in South America and Asia, this is a species that is extremely sensitive to changes in temperature. One National Geographic explorer that I talked to recently told me that over 140 of these dolphins just died when the temperatures went up bylS°C

We also have a resolution on the intersection of wetlands and culture. The original text of the convention, from 1971, does have the word 'culture' in there; but what does that actually mean in reality7 What is the role of culture in preserving and conserving,in restoring spaces that are very vulnerable7 It is especially important when you think how many wetlands have been protected by traditional leaders for millennia.

And finally, money also has to come on the table. As a convention, we haven't really had an increase in budget for 15 years. Do we continue with this flatline of investment when there are more and more demanding issues.

How best can IUCN Members engage with COP15 in July?

IUCN is one of our international organisation partners, and we really ride on the wave of IUCN's massive network, with its State Members and expert scientific groups.IUCN has been instrumental in helping many wetlands, including the Zambezi River Basin, where the conference will be held.

"I’ve noticed over the three world wetlands days I’ve been involved with that political engagement has increased", says Dr Musonda

For me, it's about how IUCN's regional or national offices can be supportive to our contracting parties. We are not a delivery mechanism; we do not implement IUCN will be critical in exploring how to unpack the conversations we have and really anchoring them into the realities of work on the ground in different localities - whether in a tropical African country or temperate Northern country, involving local Indigenous groups or young people. This large network of expertise is critical for our convention.

Find out more about COP15 and Ramsar's latest work to prepare for the Conference at ramsar.org