Such patrimonies – internationally referred to as “Indigenous Territories and Areas conserved by Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities”, in short, ICCAs – are recognised by the Convention on Biological Diversity, which recommends their support. National recognition to respond to the CBD and other UN obligations has to follow suit, but it is often hampered by difficulties related to policy and legislation, and problems related to implementation and practice. The situation in Cambodia is no exception, although the brief survey and analysis carried out in November 2009 and summarised in this paper points at some reasons for hope and clear paths for action.